The Old Fort (Ngome Kongwe)

The Old Fort, also known as Ngome Kongwe, is one of the most important and well-known historical sites in Stone Town, Zanzibar. Built in the 17th century by the Omani Arabs, the Old Fort stands as a symbol of Zanzibar’s rich and complex history. Its towering stone walls, ancient battlements, and cultural significance make it a must-see for visitors who want to explore the island’s past.

History of the Old Fort

The Old Fort was constructed by the Omani Arabs in the late 1600s to defend Zanzibar against Portuguese invasion. Zanzibar was a crucial hub in the Indian Ocean trade routes, making it a target for foreign powers like the Portuguese, who wanted control of the island. The fort was strategically built to protect the Omani Arabs from these attacks and to secure their control over the region.

Before the Old Fort was built, the site was home to a Portuguese church. When the Omanis took over, they demolished the church and replaced it with the fort, using materials from the original structure. For many years, the fort served as a military base and played a key role in defending Zanzibar from outside threats.

Architecture and Design

The Old Fort is characterized by its large, thick stone walls and square-shaped structure. Its design is typical of military forts from that period, with watchtowers, battlements, and a central courtyard. The walls are made from local coral stone, giving the fort its distinct rugged look, and the interior courtyard once served as a prison for criminals and political prisoners during the Omani rule.

Today, much of the original fort remains intact, although parts have been restored over the years. Visitors can still see the old watchtowers, walk along the top of the walls, and imagine what it must have been like when soldiers stood guard over the island.

The Old Fort Today

While the Old Fort no longer serves a military purpose, it has been transformed into a vibrant cultural and social center. It is now home to various events, performances, and exhibitions that celebrate Zanzibar’s diverse culture and heritage.

Cultural Events

One of the most famous events held at the Old Fort is the Zanzibar International Film Festival (ZIFF), a prestigious festival that showcases films from around the world, with a focus on African cinema. During the festival, the fort becomes a hub of activity, with screenings, performances, and cultural events taking place inside its historic walls.

Throughout the year, the fort also hosts music performances, art exhibitions, and cultural festivals that attract both locals and tourists. The Old Fort has become a symbol of Zanzibar’s creative spirit, where history and modern culture come together.

The Amphitheater

The Old Fort Amphitheater, located in the central courtyard, is another key feature of the site. The amphitheater is used for live performances, including traditional Swahili music, taarab concerts, and dance shows. It’s a great place to enjoy local culture in an authentic, historical setting.

Craft Shops and Markets

Within the walls of the fort, visitors will find small shops selling traditional Zanzibari crafts, including handmade jewelry, textiles, and wood carvings. These shops offer a great opportunity to support local artisans and purchase unique souvenirs that represent Zanzibar’s culture.

Visiting the Old Fort

A visit to the Old Fort is like stepping back in time. As you explore its towering walls and ancient rooms, you can feel the history of Zanzibar come alive. The fort is located near Forodhani Gardens and Stone Town’s seafront, making it an easy stop during a tour of the area.

Things to Do:
– Walk around the fort’s outer walls and enjoy views of the harbor.
– Explore the small shops selling traditional crafts and souvenirs.
– Attend a live performance in the amphitheater or visit during a cultural festival.
– Learn more about the history of the fort and its role in defending Zanzibar.

Why Visit the Old Fort?

The Old Fort is more than just a historical building. It is a living monument that continues to play an active role in Zanzibar’s cultural life. Whether you’re interested in history, architecture, or local culture, the Old Fort offers something for everyone. It’s a place where the past meets the present, allowing visitors to experience the richness of Zanzibar’s heritage in a truly unique setting.

When you visit the Old Fort, you’re not just seeing an ancient building—you’re connecting with the stories, struggles, and triumphs that have shaped Zanzibar into the vibrant destination it is today.